Monitor Terminals Using script Command

Open a terminal and type as below

[raja@AGRAJA ~]$ mkfifo output

[raja@AGRAJA ~]$ script -f output

Open another terminal and type as below

[raja@AGRAJA ~]$ cat output

Now return to first terminal and execute any command.

Everything on the first terminal is updated on the second terminal also.

Multiple Windows in a Terminal

Manage multiple terminals using screen utility

[raja@AGRAJA ~]$ screen -t name_of_screen

[raja@AGRAJA ~]$ screen -t name_of_screen2 screen_no

To navigate between screens:

1) CTRL+a

2.1) Type ” to list available screens; use arrow keys to select

[or]

2.2) Type w to list screens on the title bar for a moment.

i) CTRL+a

ii) type screen_no (it can be 0, 1, 2 … )

To scroll within a screen

1) CTRL+a

2) ESC

3) Page-Up/Page-Down

Never type ls Again

It is compelling to type “ls” every time after

1) changing directory

2) copy/remove files

3) program is run; output file is created

etc. etc. …
Here’s a script that runs on an infinite loop that

1) allows type any command as usual (no auto-complete is available)

2) automatically “ls” after every command

# save file as cdls

# chmod 755 cdls

# type "exit" to terminate

while [ 1 ]

do

    ls

    read shell_command

    $shell_command

done

A more useful form of the script is given below

# save as cdls

# chmod 755 cdls

# cp cdls /bin
clear
tput cup 24 0
while [ 1 ] do
         tput setb 9
         tput setf 0
         echo --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         ls -F --color=auto
         echo [`whoami` `pwd` `date`]$
         tput setb 0
         tput setf 7
         read cmd1
         $cmd1
         tput cup 24 0
done

Suppress Error Message in Shell Script

stderr

Redirect the output of stderr (descriptor 2) to /dev/null:

# save this file as testnull

# chmod 755 testnull

ls -garbage 2>/dev/null

# try ./testnull

Diagram below shows a demo

Notice that

1) redirecting to /dev/null from command line has no effect

2) redirecting error from shell script works !!

stdout

[raja@AGRAJA ~] ls 1>file_list.txt

[raja@AGRAJA ~] ls > same_file_list.txt

This is the default option during redirecting output.

i.e “1>” and “>” mean the same.

stdin

[raja@AGRAJA ~] ls 0>empty_file

[raja@AGRAJA ~] ls

The above prints to standard terminal.

Note that “empty_file” will be emptied.

Redirect everything to file

Redirect all console output texts (stdout, stderr, stdlog …) to file

For sh shell 
at command line:
[raja@AGRAJA ~] make > & ! make.log
inside shell script:
illegal junk text as command > junk.spam 2>&1
[or]
illegal junk text as command > & ! junk.spam

For csh shell
Note: The below works on the command line, as well as inside a script
[raja@AGRAJA ~] make > & ! make.log
[raja@AGRAJA ~] ls > & ! files.lst
[raja@AGRAJA ~] illegal junk text as command > & ! junk.spam